What Event Would Cause the First Continental Congress to Meet Again Brainly
From 1774 to 1789, the Continental Congress served as the authorities of the thirteen American colonies and after the United states of america. The Offset Continental Congress, which was comprised of delegates from the colonies, met in 1774 in reaction to the Coercive Acts, a series of measures imposed past the British government on the colonies in response to their resistance to new taxes. In 1775, the Second Continental Congress convened afterward the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) had already begun. In 1776, it took the momentous step of declaring America's independence from Britain. Five years afterwards, the Congress ratified the beginning national constitution, the Articles of Confederation, nether which the country would be governed until 1789, when it was replaced by the electric current U.S. Constitution.
Taxation Without Representation
A canvass of penny revenue stamps printed past Britain for the American colonies, after the Stamp Act of 1765.
VCG Wilson/Corbis/Getty Images
Throughout most of colonial history, the British Crown was the only political institution that united the American colonies. The Purple Crisis of the 1760s and 1770s, yet, drove the colonies toward increasingly greater unity. Americans throughout the 13 colonies united in opposition to the new system of purple revenue enhancement initiated by the British government in 1765. The Stamp Human activity of that year–the offset direct, internal taxation imposed on the colonists past the British Parliament–inspired concerted resistance within the colonies. Ix colonial assemblies sent delegates to the Stamp Human activity Congress, an extralegal convention that met to coordinate the colonies' response to the new taxation. Although the Stamp Human activity Congress was short-lived, information technology hinted at the enhanced unity among the colonies that would presently follow.
Colonial opposition fabricated a expressionless letter of the alphabet of the Stamp Human action and brought about its repeal in 1766. The British government did not abandon its claim to the authority to laissez passer laws for the colonies, yet, and would make repeated attempts to exert its ability over the colonies in the years to follow. In response to the violence of the Boston Massacre of 1770 and new taxes similar the Tea Act of 1773, a group of frustrated colonists protested taxation without representation past dumping 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor on the night of December sixteen, 1773 – an outcome known to history equally Boston Tea Party.
Colonists continued to coordinate their resistance to new imperial measures, only betwixt 1766 until 1774, they did and so primarily through committees of correspondence, which exchanged ideas and data, rather than through a united political body
The Outset Continental Congress
On September 5, 1774, delegates from each of the 13 colonies except for Georgia (which was fighting a Native American uprising and was dependent on the British for military machine supplies) met in Philadelphia as the Showtime Continental Congress to organize colonial resistance to Parliament's Coercive Acts. The delegates included a number of future luminaries, such as future presidents John Adams (1735-1826) of Massachusetts and George Washington (1732-99) of Virginia, and future U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice and diplomat John Jay (1745-1829) of New York. The Congress was structured with emphasis on the equality of participants, and to promote gratuitous contend. After much give-and-take, the Congress issued a Declaration of Rights, affirming its loyalty to the British Crown merely disputing the British Parliament's right to taxation it. The Congress too passed the Articles of Association, which called on the colonies to stop importing goods from the British Isles kickoff on December ane, 1774, if the Coercive Acts were not repealed. Should Britain neglect to redress the colonists' grievances in a timely manner, the Congress alleged, and so information technology would reconvene on May ten, 1775, and the colonies would cease to export goods to Britain on September 10, 1775. Afterwards proclaiming these measures, the Showtime Continental Congress disbanded on October 26, 1774.
The Revolutionary War
As promised, Congress reconvened in Philadelphia as the 2d Continental Congress on May 10, 1775–and by and so the American Revolution had already begun. The British army in Boston had met with armed resistance on the morning of Apr 19, 1775, when information technology marched out to the towns of Lexington and Concord to seize a cache of weapons held by colonial Patriots who had ceased to recognize the say-so of the royal regime of Massachusetts. The Patriots collection the British expedition dorsum to Boston and laid siege to the boondocks. The Revolutionary State of war had begun.
Curlicue to Proceed
Fighting for Reconciliation
Although the Congress professed its constant loyalty to the British Crown, it also took steps to preserve its rights by dint of artillery. On June 14, 1775, a calendar month after it reconvened, it created a united colonial fighting forcefulness, the Continental Army. The next day, it named George Washington as the new army's commander in chief. The post-obit month, it issued its Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Upwards Artillery, penned by John Dickinson (1732-1808) of Pennsylvania, a veteran of the Get-go Congress whose "Letters from a Farmer of Pennsylvania" (1767) had helped agitate opposition to earlier imperial measures, and by a newcomer from Virginia, Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826). In an effort to avert a full-scale war, Congress coupled this declaration with the Olive Branch Petition, a personal entreatment to Britain's Male monarch George III (1738-1820) asking him to help the colonists resolve their differences with Britain. The king dismissed the petition out of hand.
Declaring Independence
For over a year, the Continental Congress supervised a war confronting a country to which information technology proclaimed its loyalty. In fact, both the Congress and the people it represented were divided on the question of independence even subsequently a year of open warfare confronting Great Britain. Early in 1776, a number of factors began to strengthen the call for separation. In his stirring pamphlet "Mutual Sense," published in January of that year, the British immigrant Thomas Paine (1737-1809) laid out a convincing argument in favor of independence. At the aforementioned fourth dimension, many Americans came to realize that their armed forces might non be capable of defeating the British Empire on its own. Independence would let it to form alliances with U.k.'s powerful rivals–French republic was at the forefront of everyone'due south heed. Meanwhile, the war itself evoked hostility toward Britain amidst the citizenry, paving the way for independence.
In the leap of 1776, the provisional colonial governments began to send new instructions to their congressional delegates, obliquely or directly allowing them to vote for independence. The conditional government of Virginia went farther: It instructed its delegation to submit a proposal for independence earlier Congress. On June 7, Virginia consul Richard Henry Lee (1732-94) complied with his instructions. Congress postponed a final vote on the proposal until July 1, just appointed a committee to typhoon a provisional declaration of independence for utilise should the proposal laissez passer.
The committee consisted of v men, including John Adams and Benjamin Franklin (1706-90) of Pennsylvania. But the declaration was primarily the piece of work of one homo, Thomas Jefferson, who penned an eloquent defense of the natural rights of all people, of which, he charged, Parliament and the king had tried to deprive the American nation. The Continental Congress made several revisions to Jefferson's draft, removing, amid other things, an assault on the institution of slavery; but on July four, 1776, Congress voted to corroborate the Declaration of Independence.
Waging the War
The Announcement of Independence allowed Congress to seek alliances with strange countries, and the fledgling U.S. formed its most important alliance early in 1778 with France, without the support of which America might well have lost the Revolutionary State of war. If the Franco-American brotherhood was one of Congress's greatest successes, funding and supplying the war were among its worst failures. Lacking a pre-existing infrastructure, Congress struggled throughout the war to provide the Continental Ground forces with acceptable supplies and provisions. Exacerbating the problem, Congress had no mechanism to collect taxes to pay for the war; instead, it relied on contributions from the states, which by and large directed whatsoever revenue they raised toward their own needs. Every bit a event, the newspaper money issued by Congress quickly came to be regarded every bit worthless.
The Manufactures of Confederation
Congress's disability to raise acquirement would bedevil it for its entire existence, even after it created a constitution–the Articles of Confederation–to ascertain its powers. Drafted and adopted by the Congress in 1777 but not ratified until 1781, it effectively established the U.S. as a collection of 13 sovereign states, each of which had an equal voice in Congress (which became officially known as the Congress of the Confederation) regardless of population. Nether the Articles, congressional decisions were made based on a country-past-state vote, and the Congress had little ability to enforce its decisions. The Articles of Confederation would prove incapable of governing the new nation in a time of peace, but they did not seriously undermine the state of war effort, both because the war was effectively winding downwards earlier the Manufactures took effect, and because Congress ceded many executive war powers to General Washington.
Congress'south last triumph came in 1783 when information technology negotiated the Treaty of Paris, officially ending the Revolutionary War. The Congressional delegates Franklin, Jay and Adams secured a favorable peace for the U.S. that included not only the recognition of independence simply besides claim to nigh all of the territory south of Canada and east of the Mississippi River. On November 25, 1783, the last British troops evacuated New York Metropolis. The Revolutionary War was over and Congress had helped to encounter the country through.
Withal, the Articles of Confederation proved an imperfect musical instrument for a nation at peace with the world. The years immediately post-obit the stop of the Revolutionary War in 1783 presented the young American nation with a series of difficulties that Congress could not adequately remedy: dire financial straits, interstate rivalries and domestic coup. A movement adult for constitutional reform, culminating in the Philadelphia Convention of 1787. The delegates at the convention decided to bit the Articles of Confederation completely and create a new system of authorities. In 1789, the new U.Southward. Constitution went into effect and the Continental Congress adjourned forever and was replaced by the U.South. Congress. Although the Continental Congress did non office well in a time of peace, it had helped steer the nation through 1 of its worst crises, declared its independence and helped to win a war to secure that independence.
Source: https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/the-continental-congress
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